tsvm/doc/implementation.tex

\chapter{Serial Communication}

Some pheripherals such as disk drives are connected through the ``Serial Communication''.

Unlike the name suggests, Serial Communication is not at all \emph{serial}; it's more like a \emph{block communication}.

\section{Concept of Block Communication}

Sender and Receiver are somehow connected and the commuication channel between two devices are open as long as both sides are connected and being recognised. There are two blocks per port: send-block and receive-block, and the contents of the blocks are memory-mapped\footnote{Both blocks are mapped to the same port; writing to the address writes to the send-block while reading reads from the receive-block. Reading from write-block or writing to the read-block is not possible}. \emph{Write} writes sender's send-block onto the receiver's receive-block while \emph{Read} pulls the message from the receiver's send-block and writes to sender's receive-block.

While read/write is being processed, each side emits ``busy'' flag indicating they are \emph{busy}. Sending/receiving data while one side is busy is considered as an undefined behaviour.


\section{The COM-library}

portNo is a number of the port in 0--3, 0 being the first port.

\begin{outline}
\1\textbf{sendMessage}(portNo: Int, message: String)
\\sends message to the port and returns status code the other machine emits
\1\textbf{fetchResponse}(portNo: Int)
\\fetches the message composed by other device to this machine
\1\textbf{sendMessageGetBytes}(portNo: Int, message: String)
\\sends message, waits for responce, then returns the received message
\1\textbf{waitUntilReady}(portNo: Int)
\\blocks the program until the other device is ready
\1\textbf{pullMessage}(portNo: Int)
\\make other device to initiate sending and returns the message receive from the other device. NOTE: this is not a function you're looking for it you're just getting the response after the sendMessage; use fetchResponse for that
\1\textbf{getStatusCode}(portNo: Int)
\\returns the status code of the other device
\1\textbf{getDeviceStatus}(portNo: Int)
\\returns the status message of the other device. Different types of devices may have different messages
\1\textbf{areYouThere}(portNo: Int)
\\returns true if there is other device connected and is working
\end{outline}


\subsection{Code Example: Get File from a Disk Drive}

\begin{lstlisting}
com.sendMessage(0, "DEVRST\x17")  // resets the disk drive
com.sendMessage(0, 'OPENR"my-awesome.txt",1')  // tells the disk drive to open a file named 'my-awesome.txt' from drive number 1 for reading
let status = com.getStatusCode(0)
if (0 == status){
	com.sendMessage(0, "READ")  // tells the disk drive that I'm about to read the file just opened
	status = com.getStatusCode(0)
	if (0 == status) {
		println("Reading file...")
		let g = com.pullMessage(0)  // will negotiate with the disk drive and read the entire file
		println("Here's your file:")
		println(g)
	} else printerrln("I/O Error " + status)
} else printerrln("I/O Error " + status)
\end{lstlisting}


\subsection{Code Example: Write Text to a Disk Drive}

\begin{lstlisting}
com.sendMessage(0, "DEVRST\x17")  // resets the disk drive
com.sendMessage(0, 'OPENW"my-awesomer.txt",1')  // tells the disk drive to open a file named 'my-awesomer.txt' from drive number 1 for writing
let status = com.getStatusCode(0)
if (0 == status){
	com.sendMessage(0, "WRITE1234")  // tells the disk drive that I'm about to write to the file just opened. 1234 is a size of the text to write
	status = com.getStatusCode(0)
	if (0 == status) {
		println("Writing file...")
		com.sendMessage(0, myAwesomeText)  // myAwesomeText must be in the same length as what we have told to the disk drive
		com.sendMessage(0, "FLUSH")  // tells the disk drive to empty out whatever is left on its internal buffer, and puts the drive to ready-mode
		com.sendMessage(0, "CLOSE")  // tells the disk drive to close the file
	} else printerrln("I/O Error " + status)
} else printerrln("I/O Error " + status)
\end{lstlisting}



\section{Communication MMIO and How It Actually Works}

The status flags and transfer/receive blocks are memory-mapped to these address:
\footnote{RW stands for read-write status. RW means both reading and writing is posseble, RO means it's read-only}


\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rcL}
Address & RW & Description \\
\hline
-4077 & RW & Status Code (-128--127) for Writing Port 1 \\
-4078 & RW & Status Code (-128--127) for Writing Port 2 \\
-4079 & RW & Status Code (-128--127) for Writing Port 3 \\
-4080 & RW & Status Code (-128--127) for Writing Port 4 \\
-4081 & RO & Status Code (-128--127) of the Receiver 1 \\
-4082 & RO & Status Code (-128--127) of the Receiver 2 \\
-4083 & RO & Status Code (-128--127) of the Receiver 3 \\
-4084 & RO & Status Code (-128--127) of the Receiver 4 \\
-4085..-4086 & RO & Transfer Status Bits for Port 1 \\
-4087..-4088 & RO & Transfer Status Bits for Port 2 \\
-4089..-4090 & RO & Transfer Status Bits for Port 3 \\
-4091..-4092 & RO & Transfer Status Bits for Port 4 \\
-4093 & RW & Transfer Control for Port 1 \\
-4094 & RW & Transfer Control for Port 1 \\
-4095 & RW & Transfer Control for Port 1 \\
-4096 & RW & Transfer Control for Port 1 \\
-4097..-8192 & RW &   Message Block for Port 1 \\
-8193..-12288 & RW &  Message Block for Port 2 \\
-12289..-16384 & RW & Message Block for Port 3 \\
-16385..-20480 & RW & Message Block for Port 4
\end{tabulary}

\subsection{Transfer Status Bits and Transfer Control}

The com-port will behave differently if you're writing or reading on the address. In other words, you cannot read what you have just wrote because reading will put the port in different state.

\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{4pt}
\begin{tabular}{p{32mm}@{}p{12mm}@{}p{12mm}@{}p{16mm}@{}p{24mm}l}
\\
\instbitrange{7}{0} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\instbit{15}} &
\instbitrange{14}{12} &
\instbitrange{11}{8} \\
\cline{1-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c}{size-LSB} &
\multicolumn{1}{||c|}{read} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{000} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{size-MSB} &
\ Status Bits \\
\cline{1-4}

\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{p{10mm}@{}p{20mm}@{}p{16mm}@{}p{16mm}@{}p{16mm}@{}p{20mm}@{}p{24mm}l}
\\
\instbitrange{7}{6} &
\instbitrange{5}{4} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\instbit{3}} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\instbit{2}} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\instbit{1}} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\instbit{0}} & \\
\cline{1-6}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{00} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{M/S} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{T/R} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{busy} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{ready} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{hello} &
\ Control Bits \\
\cline{1-6}

\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Transfer Status and Transfer Control Bits}
\label{fig:transfer-status-bits}
\end{figure}

\begin{outline}
\1\textbf{size-LSB/MSB} --- size of the data within the block
 \2\textbf{read}: from the other device
 \\\textbf{write}: what the device is about to send
 \\size of zero must be interpreted as 4096
\1\textbf{read} --- bit is set if the other device \emph{hasNext}, unset otherwise or the device is not present
\1\textbf{M/S} --- Master/Slave setup of the other device. Typically a disk drive is slave-only (01), a computer is both (11)
\1\textbf{T/R} --- Send-Receive mode for the port. Set the bit to send from the port, unset to read
\1\textbf{busy} --- device busy/transfer trigger
 \2\textbf{read}: the port is receiving something if the bit is set
 \\\textbf{write}: setting this bit initiates transfer. If T/R bit is set, the device will send out, otherwise the other device will start the transfer
\1\textbf{ready} --- write to indicate this device is ready to receive; read to know if the other device is ready
\1\textbf{hello} --- bit is set if other device is connected
\end{outline}



\chapter{Human Interface}



\section{Keycodes}

\index{keycodes}This is a table of keycodes recognised by the LibGDX, a framework that \thismachine\ runs on.

\begin{longtable}{*{2}{m{\textwidth}}}\hline
\endfirsthead
\endhead

\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
\centering
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rl}
Key & Code \\
\hline
\ttfamily{0} & 7 \\
\ttfamily{1} & 8 \\
\ttfamily{2} & 9 \\
\ttfamily{3} & 10 \\
\ttfamily{4} & 11 \\
\ttfamily{5} & 12 \\
\ttfamily{6} & 13 \\
\ttfamily{7} & 14 \\
\ttfamily{8} & 15 \\
\ttfamily{9} & 16 \\
$\hookleftarrow$ & 66 \\
\condensedfont{BkSp} & 67 \\
\condensedfont{Tab} & 61 \\
\ttfamily{`} & 68 \\
\ttfamily{'} & 75 \\
\ttfamily{;} & 43 \\
\ttfamily{,} & 55 \\
\ttfamily{.} & 56 \\
\ttfamily{/} & 76 \\
\ttfamily{[}\hspace*{0.083em} & 71 \\
\ttfamily{]}\hspace*{-0.083em} & 72 \\
\ttfamily{-} & 69 \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rl}
Key & Code \\
\hline
\ttfamily{+} & 70 \\
\ttfamily{A} & 29 \\
\ttfamily{B} & 30 \\
\ttfamily{C} & 31 \\
\ttfamily{D} & 32\\
\ttfamily{E} & 33 \\
\ttfamily{F} & 34 \\
\ttfamily{G} & 35 \\
\ttfamily{H} & 36 \\
\ttfamily{I} & 37 \\
\ttfamily{J} & 38 \\
\ttfamily{K} & 39 \\
\ttfamily{L} & 40 \\
\ttfamily{M} & 41 \\
\ttfamily{N} & 42 \\
\ttfamily{O} & 43 \\
\ttfamily{P} & 44 \\
\ttfamily{Q} & 45 \\
\ttfamily{R} & 46 \\
\ttfamily{S} & 47 \\
\ttfamily{T} & 48 \\
\ttfamily{U} & 49 \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rl}
Key & Code \\
\hline
\ttfamily{V} & 50 \\
\ttfamily{W} & 51 \\
\ttfamily{X} & 52 \\
\ttfamily{Y} & 53 \\
\ttfamily{Z} & 54 \\
\condensedfont{LCtrl} & 57 \\
\condensedfont{RCtrl} & 58 \\
\condensedfont{LShift} & 59 \\
\condensedfont{RShift} & 60 \\
\condensedfont{LAlt} & 129 \\
\condensedfont{RAlt} & 130 \\
$\uparrow$ & 19 \\
$\downarrow$ & 20 \\
$\leftarrow$ & 21 \\
$\rightarrow$ & 22 \\
\condensedfont{Ins} & 133 \\
\condensedfont{Del} & 112 \\
\condensedfont{PgUp} & 92 \\
\condensedfont{PgDn} & 93 \\
\condensedfont{Home} & 3 \\
\condensedfont{End} & 123 \\
F1 & 131 \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rl}
Key & Code \\
\hline
F2 & 132 \\
F3 & 133 \\
F4 & 134 \\
F5 & 135 \\
F6 & 136 \\
F7 & 137 \\
F8 & 138 \\
F9 & 139 \\
F10 & 140 \\
F11 & 141 \\
F12 & 142 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{0} & 144 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{1} & 145 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{2} & 146 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{3} & 147 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{4} & 148 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{5} & 149 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{6} & 150 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{7} & 151 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{8} & 152 \\
\condensedfont{Num} \ttfamily{9} & 153 \\
\condensedfont{NumLk} & 78 \\
\end{tabulary}
\end{longtable}



\chapter{Text and Graphics Display}



\section{Code Page}
\label{codepage}

\index{code page}By default \thismachine\ uses slightly modified version of CP-437, this is a character map of it:

{\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{tsvmcp.png}
\captionof{figure}{\thismachine\ Character Map}
\label{fig:codepage}
}
\newpage

\section{Colour Palette}
\label{colourpalette}

\index{colour palette}By default the reference graphics adapter of the \thismachine\ uses following colour palette:

{\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{tsvmpal.png}
\captionof{figure}{\thismachine\ Colour Palette}
\label{fig:codepage}
}

{\centering
\fontsize{7pt}{0pt} % second argument is baselineskip but it's useless in table
\newlength{\extrarowheighttwo}
\setlength{\extrarowheighttwo}{\extrarowheight}
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{-0.4ex}

\begin{longtable}{*{2}{m{\textwidth}}}\hline
\endfirsthead
\endhead

\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
\centering
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rl}
{\ttfamily 0} & {\ttfamily \#000F} \\
{\ttfamily 1} & {\ttfamily \#004F} \\
{\ttfamily 2} & {\ttfamily \#008F} \\
{\ttfamily 3} & {\ttfamily \#00BF} \\
{\ttfamily 4} & {\ttfamily \#00FF} \\
{\ttfamily 5} & {\ttfamily \#020F} \\
{\ttfamily 6} & {\ttfamily \#024F} \\
{\ttfamily 7} & {\ttfamily \#028F} \\
{\ttfamily 8} & {\ttfamily \#02BF} \\
{\ttfamily 9} & {\ttfamily \#02FF} \\
{\ttfamily 10} & {\ttfamily \#040F} \\
{\ttfamily 11} & {\ttfamily \#044F} \\
{\ttfamily 12} & {\ttfamily \#048F} \\
{\ttfamily 13} & {\ttfamily \#04BF} \\
{\ttfamily 14} & {\ttfamily \#04FF} \\
{\ttfamily 15} & {\ttfamily \#060F} \\
{\ttfamily 16} & {\ttfamily \#064F} \\
{\ttfamily 17} & {\ttfamily \#068F} \\
{\ttfamily 18} & {\ttfamily \#06BF} \\
{\ttfamily 19} & {\ttfamily \#06FF} \\
{\ttfamily 20} & {\ttfamily \#090F} \\
{\ttfamily 21} & {\ttfamily \#094F} \\
{\ttfamily 22} & {\ttfamily \#098F} \\
{\ttfamily 23} & {\ttfamily \#09BF} \\
{\ttfamily 24} & {\ttfamily \#09FF} \\
{\ttfamily 25} & {\ttfamily \#0B0F} \\
{\ttfamily 26} & {\ttfamily \#0B4F} \\
{\ttfamily 27} & {\ttfamily \#0B8F} \\
{\ttfamily 28} & {\ttfamily \#0BBF} \\
{\ttfamily 29} & {\ttfamily \#0BFF} \\
{\ttfamily 30} & {\ttfamily \#0D0F} \\
{\ttfamily 31} & {\ttfamily \#0D4F} \\
{\ttfamily 32} & {\ttfamily \#0D8F} \\
{\ttfamily 33} & {\ttfamily \#0DBF} \\
{\ttfamily 34} & {\ttfamily \#0DFF} \\
{\ttfamily 35} & {\ttfamily \#0F0F} \\
{\ttfamily 36} & {\ttfamily \#0F4F} \\
{\ttfamily 37} & {\ttfamily \#0F8F} \\
{\ttfamily 38} & {\ttfamily \#0FBF} \\
{\ttfamily 39} & {\ttfamily \#0FFF} \\
{\ttfamily 40} & {\ttfamily \#300F} \\
{\ttfamily 41} & {\ttfamily \#304F} \\
{\ttfamily 42} & {\ttfamily \#308F} \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{|rl}
{\ttfamily 43} & {\ttfamily \#30BF} \\
{\ttfamily 44} & {\ttfamily \#30FF} \\
{\ttfamily 45} & {\ttfamily \#320F} \\
{\ttfamily 46} & {\ttfamily \#324F} \\
{\ttfamily 47} & {\ttfamily \#328F} \\
{\ttfamily 48} & {\ttfamily \#32BF} \\
{\ttfamily 49} & {\ttfamily \#32FF} \\
{\ttfamily 50} & {\ttfamily \#340F} \\
{\ttfamily 51} & {\ttfamily \#344F} \\
{\ttfamily 52} & {\ttfamily \#348F} \\
{\ttfamily 53} & {\ttfamily \#34BF} \\
{\ttfamily 54} & {\ttfamily \#34FF} \\
{\ttfamily 55} & {\ttfamily \#360F} \\
{\ttfamily 56} & {\ttfamily \#364F} \\
{\ttfamily 57} & {\ttfamily \#368F} \\
{\ttfamily 58} & {\ttfamily \#36BF} \\
{\ttfamily 59} & {\ttfamily \#36FF} \\
{\ttfamily 60} & {\ttfamily \#390F} \\
{\ttfamily 61} & {\ttfamily \#394F} \\
{\ttfamily 62} & {\ttfamily \#398F} \\
{\ttfamily 63} & {\ttfamily \#39BF} \\
{\ttfamily 64} & {\ttfamily \#39FF} \\
{\ttfamily 65} & {\ttfamily \#3B0F} \\
{\ttfamily 66} & {\ttfamily \#3B4F} \\
{\ttfamily 67} & {\ttfamily \#3B8F} \\
{\ttfamily 68} & {\ttfamily \#3BBF} \\
{\ttfamily 69} & {\ttfamily \#3BFF} \\
{\ttfamily 70} & {\ttfamily \#3D0F} \\
{\ttfamily 71} & {\ttfamily \#3D4F} \\
{\ttfamily 72} & {\ttfamily \#3D8F} \\
{\ttfamily 73} & {\ttfamily \#3DBF} \\
{\ttfamily 74} & {\ttfamily \#3DFF} \\
{\ttfamily 75} & {\ttfamily \#3F0F} \\
{\ttfamily 76} & {\ttfamily \#3F4F} \\
{\ttfamily 77} & {\ttfamily \#3F8F} \\
{\ttfamily 78} & {\ttfamily \#3FBF} \\
{\ttfamily 79} & {\ttfamily \#3FFF} \\
{\ttfamily 80} & {\ttfamily \#600F} \\
{\ttfamily 81} & {\ttfamily \#604F} \\
{\ttfamily 82} & {\ttfamily \#608F} \\
{\ttfamily 83} & {\ttfamily \#60BF} \\
{\ttfamily 84} & {\ttfamily \#60FF} \\
{\ttfamily 85} & {\ttfamily \#620F} \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{|rl}
{\ttfamily 86} & {\ttfamily \#624F} \\
{\ttfamily 87} & {\ttfamily \#628F} \\
{\ttfamily 88} & {\ttfamily \#62BF} \\
{\ttfamily 89} & {\ttfamily \#62FF} \\
{\ttfamily 90} & {\ttfamily \#640F} \\
{\ttfamily 91} & {\ttfamily \#644F} \\
{\ttfamily 92} & {\ttfamily \#648F} \\
{\ttfamily 93} & {\ttfamily \#64BF} \\
{\ttfamily 94} & {\ttfamily \#64FF} \\
{\ttfamily 95} & {\ttfamily \#660F} \\
{\ttfamily 96} & {\ttfamily \#664F} \\
{\ttfamily 97} & {\ttfamily \#668F} \\
{\ttfamily 98} & {\ttfamily \#66BF} \\
{\ttfamily 99} & {\ttfamily \#66FF} \\
{\ttfamily 100} & {\ttfamily \#690F} \\
{\ttfamily 101} & {\ttfamily \#694F} \\
{\ttfamily 102} & {\ttfamily \#698F} \\
{\ttfamily 103} & {\ttfamily \#69BF} \\
{\ttfamily 104} & {\ttfamily \#69FF} \\
{\ttfamily 105} & {\ttfamily \#6B0F} \\
{\ttfamily 106} & {\ttfamily \#6B4F} \\
{\ttfamily 107} & {\ttfamily \#6B8F} \\
{\ttfamily 108} & {\ttfamily \#6BBF} \\
{\ttfamily 109} & {\ttfamily \#6BFF} \\
{\ttfamily 110} & {\ttfamily \#6D0F} \\
{\ttfamily 111} & {\ttfamily \#6D4F} \\
{\ttfamily 112} & {\ttfamily \#6D8F} \\
{\ttfamily 113} & {\ttfamily \#6DBF} \\
{\ttfamily 114} & {\ttfamily \#6DFF} \\
{\ttfamily 115} & {\ttfamily \#6F0F} \\
{\ttfamily 116} & {\ttfamily \#6F4F} \\
{\ttfamily 117} & {\ttfamily \#6F8F} \\
{\ttfamily 118} & {\ttfamily \#6FBF} \\
{\ttfamily 119} & {\ttfamily \#6FFF} \\
{\ttfamily 120} & {\ttfamily \#900F} \\
{\ttfamily 121} & {\ttfamily \#904F} \\
{\ttfamily 122} & {\ttfamily \#908F} \\
{\ttfamily 123} & {\ttfamily \#90BF} \\
{\ttfamily 124} & {\ttfamily \#90FF} \\
{\ttfamily 125} & {\ttfamily \#920F} \\
{\ttfamily 126} & {\ttfamily \#924F} \\
{\ttfamily 127} & {\ttfamily \#928F} \\
{\ttfamily 128} & {\ttfamily \#92BF} \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{|rl}
{\ttfamily 129} & {\ttfamily \#92FF} \\
{\ttfamily 130} & {\ttfamily \#940F} \\
{\ttfamily 131} & {\ttfamily \#944F} \\
{\ttfamily 132} & {\ttfamily \#948F} \\
{\ttfamily 133} & {\ttfamily \#94BF} \\
{\ttfamily 134} & {\ttfamily \#94FF} \\
{\ttfamily 135} & {\ttfamily \#960F} \\
{\ttfamily 136} & {\ttfamily \#964F} \\
{\ttfamily 137} & {\ttfamily \#968F} \\
{\ttfamily 138} & {\ttfamily \#96BF} \\
{\ttfamily 139} & {\ttfamily \#96FF} \\
{\ttfamily 140} & {\ttfamily \#990F} \\
{\ttfamily 141} & {\ttfamily \#994F} \\
{\ttfamily 142} & {\ttfamily \#998F} \\
{\ttfamily 143} & {\ttfamily \#99BF} \\
{\ttfamily 144} & {\ttfamily \#99FF} \\
{\ttfamily 145} & {\ttfamily \#9B0F} \\
{\ttfamily 146} & {\ttfamily \#9B4F} \\
{\ttfamily 147} & {\ttfamily \#9B8F} \\
{\ttfamily 148} & {\ttfamily \#9BBF} \\
{\ttfamily 149} & {\ttfamily \#9BFF} \\
{\ttfamily 150} & {\ttfamily \#9D0F} \\
{\ttfamily 151} & {\ttfamily \#9D4F} \\
{\ttfamily 152} & {\ttfamily \#9D8F} \\
{\ttfamily 153} & {\ttfamily \#9DBF} \\
{\ttfamily 154} & {\ttfamily \#9DFF} \\
{\ttfamily 155} & {\ttfamily \#9F0F} \\
{\ttfamily 156} & {\ttfamily \#9F4F} \\
{\ttfamily 157} & {\ttfamily \#9F8F} \\
{\ttfamily 158} & {\ttfamily \#9FBF} \\
{\ttfamily 159} & {\ttfamily \#9FFF} \\
{\ttfamily 160} & {\ttfamily \#C00F} \\
{\ttfamily 161} & {\ttfamily \#C04F} \\
{\ttfamily 162} & {\ttfamily \#C08F} \\
{\ttfamily 163} & {\ttfamily \#C0BF} \\
{\ttfamily 164} & {\ttfamily \#C0FF} \\
{\ttfamily 165} & {\ttfamily \#C20F} \\
{\ttfamily 166} & {\ttfamily \#C24F} \\
{\ttfamily 167} & {\ttfamily \#C28F} \\
{\ttfamily 168} & {\ttfamily \#C2BF} \\
{\ttfamily 169} & {\ttfamily \#C2FF} \\
{\ttfamily 170} & {\ttfamily \#C40F} \\
{\ttfamily 171} & {\ttfamily \#C44F} \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{|rl}
{\ttfamily 172} & {\ttfamily \#C48F} \\
{\ttfamily 173} & {\ttfamily \#C4BF} \\
{\ttfamily 174} & {\ttfamily \#C4FF} \\
{\ttfamily 175} & {\ttfamily \#C60F} \\
{\ttfamily 176} & {\ttfamily \#C64F} \\
{\ttfamily 177} & {\ttfamily \#C68F} \\
{\ttfamily 178} & {\ttfamily \#C6BF} \\
{\ttfamily 179} & {\ttfamily \#C6FF} \\
{\ttfamily 180} & {\ttfamily \#C90F} \\
{\ttfamily 181} & {\ttfamily \#C94F} \\
{\ttfamily 182} & {\ttfamily \#C98F} \\
{\ttfamily 183} & {\ttfamily \#C9BF} \\
{\ttfamily 184} & {\ttfamily \#C9FF} \\
{\ttfamily 185} & {\ttfamily \#CB0F} \\
{\ttfamily 186} & {\ttfamily \#CB4F} \\
{\ttfamily 187} & {\ttfamily \#CB8F} \\
{\ttfamily 188} & {\ttfamily \#CBBF} \\
{\ttfamily 189} & {\ttfamily \#CBFF} \\
{\ttfamily 190} & {\ttfamily \#CD0F} \\
{\ttfamily 191} & {\ttfamily \#CD4F} \\
{\ttfamily 192} & {\ttfamily \#CD8F} \\
{\ttfamily 193} & {\ttfamily \#CDBF} \\
{\ttfamily 194} & {\ttfamily \#CDFF} \\
{\ttfamily 195} & {\ttfamily \#CF0F} \\
{\ttfamily 196} & {\ttfamily \#CF4F} \\
{\ttfamily 197} & {\ttfamily \#CF8F} \\
{\ttfamily 198} & {\ttfamily \#CFBF} \\
{\ttfamily 199} & {\ttfamily \#CFFF} \\
{\ttfamily 200} & {\ttfamily \#F00F} \\
{\ttfamily 201} & {\ttfamily \#F04F} \\
{\ttfamily 202} & {\ttfamily \#F08F} \\
{\ttfamily 203} & {\ttfamily \#F0BF} \\
{\ttfamily 204} & {\ttfamily \#F0FF} \\
{\ttfamily 205} & {\ttfamily \#F20F} \\
{\ttfamily 206} & {\ttfamily \#F24F} \\
{\ttfamily 207} & {\ttfamily \#F28F} \\
{\ttfamily 208} & {\ttfamily \#F2BF} \\
{\ttfamily 209} & {\ttfamily \#F2FF} \\
{\ttfamily 210} & {\ttfamily \#F40F} \\
{\ttfamily 211} & {\ttfamily \#F44F} \\
{\ttfamily 212} & {\ttfamily \#F48F} \\
{\ttfamily 213} & {\ttfamily \#F4BF} \\
{\ttfamily 214} & {\ttfamily \#F4FF} \\
\end{tabulary}
\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{|rl}
{\ttfamily 215} & {\ttfamily \#F60F} \\
{\ttfamily 216} & {\ttfamily \#F64F} \\
{\ttfamily 217} & {\ttfamily \#F68F} \\
{\ttfamily 218} & {\ttfamily \#F6BF} \\
{\ttfamily 219} & {\ttfamily \#F6FF} \\
{\ttfamily 220} & {\ttfamily \#F90F} \\
{\ttfamily 221} & {\ttfamily \#F94F} \\
{\ttfamily 222} & {\ttfamily \#F98F} \\
{\ttfamily 223} & {\ttfamily \#F9BF} \\
{\ttfamily 224} & {\ttfamily \#F9FF} \\
{\ttfamily 225} & {\ttfamily \#FB0F} \\
{\ttfamily 226} & {\ttfamily \#FB4F} \\
{\ttfamily 227} & {\ttfamily \#FB8F} \\
{\ttfamily 228} & {\ttfamily \#FBBF} \\
{\ttfamily 229} & {\ttfamily \#FBFF} \\
{\ttfamily 230} & {\ttfamily \#FD0F} \\
{\ttfamily 231} & {\ttfamily \#FD4F} \\
{\ttfamily 232} & {\ttfamily \#FD8F} \\
{\ttfamily 233} & {\ttfamily \#FDBF} \\
{\ttfamily 234} & {\ttfamily \#FDFF} \\
{\ttfamily 235} & {\ttfamily \#FF0F} \\
{\ttfamily 236} & {\ttfamily \#FF4F} \\
{\ttfamily 237} & {\ttfamily \#FF8F} \\
{\ttfamily 238} & {\ttfamily \#FFBF} \\
{\ttfamily 239} & {\ttfamily \#FFFF} \\
{\ttfamily 240} & {\ttfamily \#000F} \\
{\ttfamily 241} & {\ttfamily \#111F} \\
{\ttfamily 242} & {\ttfamily \#222F} \\
{\ttfamily 243} & {\ttfamily \#333F} \\
{\ttfamily 244} & {\ttfamily \#444F} \\
{\ttfamily 245} & {\ttfamily \#555F} \\
{\ttfamily 246} & {\ttfamily \#666F} \\
{\ttfamily 247} & {\ttfamily \#777F} \\
{\ttfamily 248} & {\ttfamily \#888F} \\
{\ttfamily 249} & {\ttfamily \#999F} \\
{\ttfamily 250} & {\ttfamily \#AAAF} \\
{\ttfamily 251} & {\ttfamily \#BBBF} \\
{\ttfamily 252} & {\ttfamily \#CCCF} \\
{\ttfamily 253} & {\ttfamily \#DDDF} \\
{\ttfamily 254} & {\ttfamily \#EEEF} \\
{\ttfamily 255} & {\ttfamily \#0000} \\
\, & \, \\
\, & \, \\
\end{tabulary}
\end{longtable}

\captionof{table}{Index--RGBA Table of the Colour Palette}
}

\setlength{\extrarowheight}{\extrarowheighttwo}

\section{Graphics MMIO}



\begin{tabulary}{\textwidth}{rL}
Address & Description \\
\hline
-1048577..-1299456 & Screen Buffer \\
-1299457 & Screen Background RED \\
-1299458 & Screen Background GREEN \\
-1299459 & Screen Background BLUE \\
-1299460 & Command \\
-1299461..-1299472 & Command Arguments \\
-1299473..-1299474 & Screen Buffer Scroll Offset X \\
-1299475..-1299476 & Screen Buffer Scroll Offset Y \\
-1302527..-1302528 & Text Cursor Position in $row \times 80 + col$, stored in Little Endian \\
-1302529..-1305088 & Text Foreground Colours \\
-1305089..-1307648 & Text Background Colours \\
-1307649..-1310208 & Text Buffer \\
-1310209..-1310720 & Palettes in This Pattern: {\ttfamily 0b RRRR GGGG; 0b BBBB AAAA} \\
\end{tabulary}